Table 2 Characteristics and complications for Caucasians and EM patients at last contact in the young-onset cohort
Caucasian N = 769 (87.9%) | EM N = 106 (12.1%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
% Men | 56.0 | 57.5 | 0.762 |
Mean age at diagnosis | 37.6 ± 6.2 | 35.4 ± 6.8 | 0.001 |
Mean age at last visit (years) | 58.4 ± 12.4 | 50.8 ± 11.7 | <0.0001 |
Mean follow-up (years) | 8.6 ± 4.9 | 7.0 ± 4.8 | 0.002 |
Mean diabetes duration (years) | 21.2 ± 11.9 | 15.8 ± 10.6 | 0.002 |
Mean HbA1c % (mmol/mol) | 7.3 ± 1.3 (56 ± 14) | 7.4 ± 1.4 (57 ± 15) | 0.461 |
% Statin | 78.1 | 59.4 | <0.0001 |
Number of antihypertensive medications | |||
0 | 20.2 | 42.5 | <0.0001 |
1 | 16.3 | 23.6 | |
2 | 21.0 | 11.3 | |
≥3 | 42.5 | 22.7 | |
% MF | 53.1 | 62.3 | 0.077 |
% SU | 1.4 (11) | 2.8 (3) | 0.283 |
% MF + SU | 12.9 | 11.3 | 0.649 |
% Glitazones | 0.4 | 0 | 0.519 |
% DPP-4 | 2.9 (67) | 7.5 (4) | 0.013 |
% GLP-1 | 8.7 | 3.8 | 0.080 |
% Insulin | 81.4 | 86.8 | 0.174 |
% On 1 injection of insulin | 5.3 | 4.7 | 0.788 |
% On 2 or 3 injections of insulin | 7.2 | 5.7 | 0.570 |
% On multiple injections of insulin | 68.9 | 76.4 | 0.113 |
Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 31.4 ± 5.9 | 29.8 ± 4.6 | 0.009 |
% Overweight | 28.8 | 44.3 | 0.002 |
% Obese | 55.6 | 43.3 | 0.007 |
% Hypertension | 48.7 | 43.4 | 0.269 |
Mean TG | 151.7 ± 144.7 | 144.8 ± 132.7 | 0.660 |
Mean LDL | 76.7 ± 31.0 | 82.8 ± 29.7 | 0.075 |
% High TG | 30.7 | 29.2 | 0.913 |
% LDL not on target in primary CV prevention | 27.2 | 30.9 | 0.472 |
% LDL not on target in secondary CV prevention | 45.2 | ||
% Smoking | 17.2 | 12.3 | 0.201 |
% ≥3 CV risk factors | 56.6 | 45.3 | 0.027 |
% DRP | 40.8 | 40.4 | 0.950 |
% Microalbuminuria | 35.1 | 32.1 | 0.667 |
% New surgery lower limbs | 3.0 (23) | 0 (0) | |
% New TIA/CVA | 1.0 (8) | 0.9 (1) | |
% New cardiac event | 4.3 (33) | 2.8 (3) | |