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Table 1 Differences between actual body mass index (A) − declared body mass index (D)

From: Depression and alexithymia on weight perception in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes

 

A = D

A > D

A < D

Total

p value

Gender

0.0874

 Female

39 (74%)

36 (65%)

39 (85%)

114 (74%)

 

 Male

14 (26%)

19 (35%)

7 (15%)

40 (26%)

 Total

53 (34%)

55 (36%)

46 (30%)

154 (100%)

Civil state

0.0657

 Married

30 (57%)

40 (73%)

23 (51%)

93 (61%)

 

 Not married

23 (43%)

15 (27%)

22 (49%)

60 (39%)

 Total

53 (35%)

55 (36%)

45 (29%)

153 (100%)

Age intervals

0.0272

 18–40 years old

12 (23%)

10 (18%)

18 (39%)

40 (26. %)

 

 41–60 years old

32 (62%)

34 (62%)

27 (59%)

93 (61%)

 ≥61 years old

8 (16%)

11 (20%)

1 (2%)

20 (13%)

 Total

52 (34%)

55 (36%)

46 (30%)

153 (100%)

Anti-hypertensive

0.0372

 No

37 (70%)

39 (69.6%)

41 (89%)

117 (75%)

 

 Yes

16 (30%)

17 (30%)

5 (11%)

38 (24.5%)

A > D × A < D (with anti-hypertensive)

A = D

odds ratio = 3.574

odds ratio = 3.546

p = 0.0219

p = 0.0239

Anti-depression

0.3246

 No

47 (89%)

47 (84%)

43 (93%)

137 (88%)

 

 Yes

6 (11%)

9 (16%)

3 (7%)

18 (12%)

Body mass index

 I

6 (21.4%)

0 (0.0%)

22 (78.6%)

28 (100%)

<0.0001

 II

28 (41.2%)

16 (23.5%)

24 (35.3%)

68 (100%)

 III

0 (0.0%)

40 (67.8%)

19 (32.2%)

59 (100%)

Beck depression inventory

0.0499

 Low level

33 (70%)

36 (71%)

36 (90%)

105 (76%)

 

 Moderate/severe

14 (30%)

15 (29%)

4 (10%)

33 (24%)

 Total

47

51

40

138 (100%)

Moderate or severe depression

A > D × A < D

A = D × A < D

p = 0.0337

p = 0.0297

odds ratio = 3.648

odds ratio = 3.817

Toronto Alexithymia Scale-26

0.0161 (Fisher)

 No

1 (2%)

2 (4%)

6 (16%)

9 (7%)

 

 Probable alexithymia

8 (17%)

13 (25%)

13(34%)

34 (25%)

 Alexithymia

39 (81%)

37 (71%)

19 (50%)

95 (69%)

 Total

48

52

38

138 (100%)

Alexithymia/BMI actual × BMI declared

A > D × A < D

A = D × A < D

p = 0.0368

p = 0.0029

odds ratio = 2.533

odds ratio = 4.333

  1. aAnxiety measured by Beck Anxiety Inventory did not present statical significance according to Chi square test: p = 0.1497; it was observed only the following difference, comparing on their actual BMI and their declared BMI (A < D): minimal level of anxiety 68% and moderate or high level of anxiety 32%
  2. bPrevalence of probable alexithymia (38%) was among patients who did not use anti-hypertensive medication and did not have controlled hypertension. Prevalence (86%) of alexithymia among patients with controlled hypertension and used anti-hypertensive medication (p = 0.069)