Hypoadiponectinemia and the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease: results from the KNOW-CKD study

Table 4 Subgroup analyses of relationship between adiponectin levels and presence of metabolic syndrome

	Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
	DM	Non-DM
	DM	Total	HTN	GN	PKD
Crude	0.964 (0.943–0.984)	0.951 (0.935–0.967)	0.941 (0.912–0.971)	0.955 (0.931–0.979)	0.944 (0.904–0.987)
Model 1	0.973 (0.949–0.997)	0.969 (0.951–0.988)	0.949 (0.916–0.984)	0.980 (0.952–1.009)	0.954 (0.907–1.004)
Model 2	0.952 (0.923–0.981)	0.957 (0.935–0.980)	0.944 (0.905–0.985)	0.949 (0.913–0.987)	0.962 (0.911–1.016)
Model 3	0.946 (0.913–0.980)	0.957 (0.932–0.983)	0.950 (0.901–1.003)	0.942 (0.900–0.986)	0.950 (0.899–1.004)
Model 4	0.933 (0.898–0.970)	0.959 (0.932–0.986)	0.939 (0.885–0.996)	0.942 (0.896–0.990)	0.969 (0.913–1.028)

Adiponectin 1 μg/mL increase, subgroup analysis was performed according to the cause of chronic kidney disease
Model 1: adjusted for age, gender, smoking status, and body mass index
Model 2: adjusted for model 1 + hemoglobin, serum albumin, uric acid, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone
Model 3: adjusted for model 2 + hs-CRP, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and eGFR
Model 4: adjusted for model 3 + coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, ARB, diuretics, statin, ezetimibe, and fibrate
DM diabetic mellitus, HTN hypertension, GN glomerulonephritis, PKD polycystic kidney disease, hs-CRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker