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Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and metabolic characteristics of the population by region and country

From: Challenges associated with insulin therapy progression among patients with type 2 diabetes: Latin American MOSAIc study baseline data

 

All Mosaic cohort

LA

Non-LA countries

p

Argentina

Brazil

México

p

Mean age, years (SD)

61.77 (11.02)

61.99 (11.21)

61.74 (10.99)

0.6326

65.48 (10.55)

61.03 (9.51)

60.00 (12.26)

<0.0001

Gender—females, n (%)

2176 (50.1 %)

293 (56.2 %)

1883 (49.3 %)

0.0029

76 (47.5 %)

100 (64.5 %)

117 (56.8 %)

0.0095

Education

 Primary school, n (%)

1291 (29.7 %)

251 (48.2 %)

1040 (27.2 %)

<0.0001

83 (51.9 %)

65 (41.9 %)

103 (50.0 %)

0.0474

 High school or more, n (%)

2715 (62.5 %)

235 (45.1 %)

2480 (64.9 %)

69 (43.1 %)

69 (44.5 %)

97 (47.1 %)

Insurance

 Private, n (%)

917 (21.1 %)

134 (25.7 %)

783 (20.5 %)

0.0223

56 (35.0 %)

48 (31.0 %)

30 (14.6 %)

<0.0001

 Public, n (%)

2229 (51.3 %)

247 (47.4 %)

1982 (51.9 %)

65 (40.6 %)

76 (49.0 %)

106 (51.5 %)

 Uninsured, n (%)

848 (19.5 %)

103 (19.8 %)

745 (19.5 %)

35 (21.9 %)

16 (10.3 %)

52 (25.2 %)

Mean diabetes duration, years (SD)

12.65 (7.98)

13.52 (8.77)

12.54 (7.87)

0.0083

13.71 (9.77)

13.46 (7.78)

13.42 (8.69)

0.9492

Comorbidities

 MI or CAD, n (%)

824 (19.0 %)

38 (7.3 %)

786 (20.6 %)

<0.0001

16 (10.0 %)

15 (9.7 %)

7 (3.4 %)

0.0217

 Stroke, n (%)

151 (3.5 %)

10 (1.9 %)

141 (3.7 %)

0.0384

4 (2.5 %)

5 (3.2 %)

1 (0.5 %)

0.1393

 Congestive heart failure, n (%)

237 (5.5 %)

6 (1.2 %)

231 (6.0 %)

<0.0001

0 (0.0 %)

3 (1.9 %)

3 (1.5 %)

0.2383

 Nephropathy, n (%)

685 (15.8 %)

48 (9.2 %)

637 (16.7 %)

<0.0001

14 (8.8 %)

17 (11.0 %)

17 (8.3 %)

0.6574

 Neuropathy, n (%)

1194 (27.5 %)

85 (16.3 %)

1109 (29.0 %)

<0.0001

14 (8.8 %)

22 (14.2 %)

49 (23.8 %)

0.0004

 Retinopathy, n (%)

954 (22.0 %)

78 (15.0 %)

876 (22.9 %)

<0.0001

24 (15.0 %)

24 (15.5 %)

30 (14.6 %)

0.9709

 Depression, n (%)

370 (8.5 %)

46 (8.8 %)

324 (8.5 %)

0.7899

4 (2.5 %)

16 (10.3 %)

26 (12.6 %)

0.0024

Hypertension, n (%)

2994 (69.0 %)

335 (64.3 %)

2659 (69.6 %)

0.0140

112 (70.0 %)

110 (71.0 %)

113 (54.9 %)

0.0013

Hyperlipidemia, n (%)

2484 (57.2 %)

259 (49.7 %)

2225 (58.2 %)

0.0002

81 (50.6 %)

93 (60.0 %)

85 (41.3 %)

0.0019

HbA1c, mean (SD)

8.20 (2.47)

8.40 (2.79)

8.18 (2.28)

0.0686

8.08 (2.05)

8.34 (2.38)

8.70 (3.55)

0.1108

HbA1c physician reported goal (SD)

7.02 (0.77)

7.10 (0.76)

7.01 (0.73)

0.011

7.17 (0.65)

7.11 (0.89)

7.04 (0.79)

0.2917

BMI, mean (SD)

29.58 (6.39)

29.78 (5.64)

29.55 (6.49)

0.4437

31.24 (6.22)

30.21 (5.46)

28.32 (4.81)

<0.0001

Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD)

132.42 (16.83)

132.94 (17.24)

132.34 (16.72)

0.4395

133.64 (13.69)

135.49 (19.88)

130.49 (17.54)

0.0214

  1. BMI body mass index, CAD coronary artery disease, LA = Latin America, MI myocardial infarction, SD standard deviation
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

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