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Table 3 Determinants of being at BP target (Europe <140/80 mmHg, USA <130/80 mmHg) at baseline stratified by prior CVD status

From: LEADER 7: cardiovascular risk profiles of US and European participants in the LEADER diabetes trial differ

 

No prior CVD group (n = 1013)

Prior CVD group (n = 4996)

 

Odds ratio

95 % CI

P value

Odds ratio

95 % CI

P value

Region (Europe as reference group)

1.662

1.150; 2.402

0.007

1.314

1.136; 1.520

<0.001

Age (per year)

0.959

0.928; 0.990

0.009

0.992

0.982; 1.002

0.115

Sex (male as reference group)

0.823

0.341; 1.707

0.641

1.070

0.901; 1.270

0.438

Diabetes duration (per year)

1.020

0.998; 1.042

0.082

1.003

0.995; 1.012

0.472

Race (white as reference group)

 Asian

1.758

0.457; 6.795

 

0.880

0.483; 1.560

0.064

 Black

1.070

0.517; 2.318

0.604

0.724

0.551; 0.946

 

 Other

0.442

0.063; 1.987

 

0.621

0.304; 1.189

 

BMI (18–25, reference group) ( kg/m2)

 25–30

1.217

0.577;2.677

 

0.889

0.655; 1.212

 

 30–35

0.913

0.436;1.998

0.009

0.793

0.587; 1.077

0.008

 35–40

0.511

0.229;1.177

 

0.693

0.503; 0.957

 

 >40

0.650

0.283;1.533

 

0.623

0.442; 0.879

 

Number of antihypertensive medications

 0 (reference group)

      

 1

1.142

0.698; 1.897

 

0.918

0.693; 1.221

 

 2

0.716

0.415; 1.244

0.096

1.010

0.772; 1.326

<0.001

 3

0.650

0.333; 1.256

 

0.648

0.477; 0.881

 

 4

1.024

0.360; 2.670

 

0.646

0.424;0.975

 

Creatinine, per umol/L

0.986

0.942; 1.021

0.488

1.004

1.000; 1.008

0.058

ACR, per mg/mmol

0.992

0.983; 0.999

0.013

0.994

0.992; 0.996

<0.001

eGFR,per mL/min/1.73 m2

0.985

0.956; 1.007

0.239

0.998

0.992; 1.003

0.334

Micro-albuminuria

0.895

0.628; 1.275

0.538

0.947

0.774; 1.155

0.592

Macro-albuminuria

0.918

0.507; 1.635

0.775

1.562

1.060; 2.287

0.024

  1. Logistic multivariable regression modelling the probability of being at BP target, adjusted for: age, sex, diabetes duration, race, BMI category, number of antihypertensive medications, renal function (creatinine, ACR, eGFR), and micro- and macro-albuminuria
  2. ACR albumin:creatinine ratio; BMI body mass index; BP blood pressure; CI confidence interval; CVD cardiovascular disease; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate
  3. Overall P values relating to the significance of that factor