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Table 2 Determinants of being at HbA1c target at baseline (HbA1c ≤ 7.5 %), stratified by prior CVD status

From: LEADER 7: cardiovascular risk profiles of US and European participants in the LEADER diabetes trial differ

 

No prior CVD group (n = 1013)

Prior CVD group (n = 4996)

Odds ratio

95 % CI

P value

Odds ratio

95 % CI

P value

Region (Europe as reference group)

0.475

0.316; 0.704

<0.001

0.762

0.647; 0.896

0.001

Age (per year)

1.015

0.981; 1.050

0.393

1.032

1.020; 1.043

<0.001

Sex (male as reference group)

0.485

0.169; 1.271

0.148

0.834

0.685; 1.011

0.065

Diabetes duration (per year)

0.976

0.951; 1.000

0.055

0.976

0.967; 0.986

<0.001

Race (white as reference group)

 Asian

0.970

0.139; 4.258

 

0.598

0.257; 1.223

 

 Black

1.691

0.672; 4.244

0.718

1.069

0.780; 1.452

0.266

 Other

1.358

0.195; 6.005

 

0.604

0.258; 1.248

 

Pre-trial diabetes treatment (none, diet as reference group)

 Insulin + OADs

1.080

0.475; 2.710

 

0.800

0.586; 1.102

 

 Insulin only

0.956

0.272; 3.215

0.543

0.532

0.349; 0.805

<0.001

 OADs only

1.365

0.629; 3.312

 

1.248

0.930; 1.693

 

BMI (18–25 as reference group) (kg/m2)

 25–30

0.628

0.286; 1.446

 

1.220

0.871; 1.730

 

 30–35

0.788

0.369; 1.780

0.235

1.010

0.723; 1.427

0.049

 35–40

0.619

0.273; 1.464

 

1.036

0.729; 1.488

 

 >40

1.082

0.476; 2.575

 

0.824

0.561; 1.219

 

Creatinine, per μmol/L

0.966

0.915; 1.015

0.179

0.998

0.993; 1.002

0.288

ACR, per mg/mmol

1.002

0.997; 1.005

0.421

1.000

0.999; 1.002

0.471

eGFR, per mL/min/1.73 m2

0.967

0.931; 1.000

0.048

0.992

0.986; 0.998

0.007

  1. Logistic multivariable regression modelling the probability of being at HbA1c target, adjusted for: age, sex, diabetes duration, race, pre-trial diabetes treatment, BMI category and renal function (creatinine, ACR, eGFR)
  2. ACR albumin:creatinine ratio, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, CVD cardiovascular disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, OAD oral antidiabetic drug
  3. Overall P values relating to the significance of that factor