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Table 4 Nutritional recommendations, intake, and prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intakes in men with metabolic syndrome (n = 19)

From: Inadequacies in the habitual nutrient intakes of patients with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study

Micronutrients

EAR/AI

Mean

SD

Intake percentiles

% of inadequacy

10th

25th

50th

75th

90th

Vitamin A (μg/d)a

625

652.2

547.7

266.8

352.6

467.7

756.9

1287.3

48.0

Vitamin C (mg/d)

75

99.8

78.7

29.6

58.7

86.6

118.4

151.5

37.8

Vitamin D (μg/d)

10

2.6

1.4

1.2

1.6

2.3

3.1

4.7

100.0

Vitamin E (mg/d)b

12

10.6

5.1

4.4

7.2

9.9

14.1

16.9

60.3

Thiamin (mg/d)

1

1.3

0.8

0.7

0.9

1.0

1.3

1.6

33.7

Riboflavin (mg/d)

1.1

1.1

0.5

0.8

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.4

52.8

Vitamin B6 (mg/d)c 19–50 years

1.1

1.5

0.3

1.1

1.2

1.4

1.7

1.8

9.7

 >50 years

1.4

1.6

0.5

1.1

1.3

1.5

1.8

2.6

32.3

Niacin (mg/d)d

12

21.2

10.9

10.7

14.5

18.4

24.3

36.8

19.8

Phosphorus (mg/d)

580

852.5

229.3

577.5

687.1

829.2

963.1

1128.9

11.7

Magnesium (mg/d)e 19–30 years

330

168.2

36.1

114.1

144.4

162.3

203.9

216.1

100.0

 >30 years

350

220.7

68.8

135.4

170.1

202.3

248.5

350.0

97.0

Zinc (mg/d)

9.4

7.3

3.1

4.4

5.3

6.7

8.1

10.4

75.5

Copper (mg/d)

0.7

0.9

0.3

0.7

0.7

0.8

1.0

1.2

23.0

Iron (mg/d)f

6

11.7

2.5

9.1

10.6

11.3

12.8

16.1

0.0

Selenium (μg/d)

45

59.8

22.4

30.5

40.8

61.5

75.1

95.6

25.5

Calcium (mg/d)g 19–50 years

800

466.0

123.6

314.6

346.2

450.5

558.7

669.4

99.7

 >50 years

1000

639.5

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Potassium (mg/d)h

4700

1817.9

503.8

1350.0

1473.2

1721.3

2058.9

2506.7

–

  1. EAR estimated average requirement; AI adequate intake
  2. aCalculated as retinol activity equivalents
  3. bCalculated as α-tocopherol equivalents
  4. c19–50 y (n = 6); >50 y (n = 13)
  5. dCalculated as niacin equivalents
  6. e19–30 y (n = 6); >30 y (n = 13)
  7. fInadequate iron intake was calculated by the probability approach
  8. g19–50 y (n = 18); >50 y (n = 1)
  9. hAI value