Table 3 Prevalence (%) and means of clinical characteristics in patients with and without previous amputation
Variable | Previous amputation | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | ||
Age (years) | 60.5 | 57.3 | 0.001 |
Sex (female/male) | 29.1/70.9 | 63.3/36.7 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.7 | 29.4 | 0.18 |
Ethnicity | 0.043 | ||
White | 63.3 | 51.7 | |
Black | 14.8 | 19.6 | |
Mixed | 18.1 | 21.1 | |
Asian | 3.8 | 7.7 | |
Type of diabetes (1/2) | 4.2/95.8 | 9.5/90.5 | 0.017 |
Diabetes duration (years) | 17.3 | 13.6 | <0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 8.76 | 8.54 | 0.4 |
Smoking (yes) | 26.1 | 23.9 | 0.52 |
Hypertension (yes) | 72.2 | 83 | 0.001 |
Cardiopathy (yes) | 36.4 | 26.8 | 0.023 |
Dyslipidemia (yes) | 65 | 74.3 | 0.022 |
Nephropathy (ClCr < 60 ml/min) | 33.3 | 19.7 | 0.001 |
Retinopathy (yes) | 69.8 | 42.1 | <0.001 |
Visual impairment (yes) | 65 | 47.7 | <0.001 |
Foot at risk classification | <0.001 | ||
Foot without risk | 3.3 | 43.9 | |
Neuropathic | 49.5 | 30.6 | |
Ischemic | 6 | 9.1 | |
Neuroischemic | 41.2 | 16.4 | |
Score of symptoms | 0.7 | ||
Normal/mild | 47.9 | 49.5 | |
Moderate/severe | 52.1 | 50.5 | |
Disability score | <0.001 | ||
Normal/mild | 39.1 | 79.2 | |
Moderate/severe | 60.9 | 20.8 | |
Treatment of neuropathy (yes) | 19.3 | 11.5 | 0.005 |
Region | 0.069 | ||
South/Southeast | 62.4 | 55.4 | |
Northeast/Midwest | 37.6 | 44.6 | |