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Table 1 FRMD3 variants studied in the context of diabetic kidney disease

From: FRMD3 gene: its role in diabetic kidney disease. A narrative review

Variant

Reference

Ethnicity

Sample description

Chromossome 9a position

Risk allele

P value

Odds ratio (95 % CI)

rs942278

Freedman et al. [55]

African–American

966 cases (T2DM-DKD)

1032 controls (Non-DM, non DKD)

85906066

T

0.0023

1.30 (1.11–1.53)

rs942280

   

85905861

G

0.00070

1.28 (1.09–1.51)

rs942283

   

85905666

C

0.0014

1.25 (1.07–1.47)

rs1535752

   

85905253

T

0.013

1.27 (1.03–1.57)

rs1535753

   

85905060

T

0.0024

1.24 (1.06–1.46)

rs2378658

   

85904778

C

0.0040

1.25 (1.06–1.46)

rs10867977

   

85907516

G

0.022

1.31 (1.06–1.62)

rs1888746

Hu et al. [53]

Chinese

622 cases (378 T2DM-DKD and 244 DKD and retinopathy)

280 controls (>10 years T2DM)

86155392

C

0.66

0.93 (0.60–1.38)

 

Pezzolesi et al. [25]

Caucasian

820 cases (284—proteinuria and 536—ESRD)

885 controls (T1DM)

86155392

C

0.02

NAb

rs1888747

Maeda et al. [26]

Japanese

754 cases (T2DM- DKD and retinopathy) and 558 controls (T2DM—only retinopathy)

86155551

G

0.10

1.24 (0.96–1.61)

   

449 cases (T2DM—DKD and retinopathy) and 965 controls (T2DM- only retinopathy)

  

0.84

1.02 (0.83–1.26)

   

32 cases (T2DM-microalbuminuria progressed to overt proteinuria) and 168 controls (T2DM-microalbuminuria)

  

0.004

0.28 (0.12–0.67)

   

300 cases (T2DM-DKD) and 224 controls (normoalbuminuria and >10 years T2DM)

  

0.43

0.87 (0.61–1.23)

 

Pezzolesi et al. [25]

Caucasian

   

0.00000067

1.45 (1.25–1.67)

 

Williams et al. [30]

Caucasian

UK—ROI: 903 cases (DKD, retinopathy and ESRD) and 1001 controls (T1DM)

FinnDiane: 1289 cases (ESRD and macroalbuminuria) and 1577 controls (normoalbuminuria)

Reanalysis of US GoKind data: 905 cases (DKD) and 898 controls (T1DM)

  

0.24

1.06 (0.96–1.17)

 

Pezzolesi et al. [58]

Caucasian

743 cases (T2DM- 427 microalbuminuria and 316 proteinuria/ESRD) and 646 controls (T2DM-normoalbuminuria)

  

0.92

1.01 (0.86–1.19)

 

Pezzolesi et al. [51]

Caucasian

382 controls (non T2DM) and 416 cases (T2DM- DKD)

  

0.0014

NAd

 

Moyaart et al. [29]

Caucasian

Meta-analysis

1052 cases (DKD)

2057 controls (T1DM)

  

0.60

0.74 (0.65–0.83)

rs10868025

Pezzolesi et al. [25]

Caucasian

 

86164176

A

0.00005

1.45 (1.25–1.67)

 

Williams et al. [30]

Caucasian

   

0.19

1.06 (0.97–1.17)

 

Pezzolesi et al. [51]

Caucasian

   

0.0039

NAe

 

Pezzolesi et al. [58]

Caucasian

   

0.90

0.99 (0.84–1.16)

 

Maeda et al. [26]

Japanese

754 cases (T2DM-DKD and retinopathy) and 558 controls (T2DM- only retinopathy)

  

0.31

1.12 (0.89–1.42)

   

449 cases (T2DM-DKD and retinopathy) and 965 controls (T2DM- only retinopathy)

  

0.54

0.94 (0.78–1.14)

   

32 cases (T2DM-microalbuminuria progressed to overt proteinuria) and 168 controls (T2DM-microalbuminuria)

  

0.07

0.49 (0.22–1.06)

   

300 cases (T2DM-DKD) and 224 controls (normoalbuminuria and >10 years T2DM)

  

0.33

0.85 (0.62–1.18)

 

Hu et al. [53]

Chinese

   

0.25

0.91 (0.76–1.07)

 

Moyaart et al. [29]

Caucasian

   

0.12

0.72 (0.64–0.81)

rs13289150

Pezzolesi et al. [25]

Caucasian

 

83549513

A

0.05

NAc

  1. NA not applicable, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, T1DM type 1 diabetes mellitus, DKD diabetes kidney disease, ESRD end-stage renal disease
  2. aAdapted from on the hg19 genome assembly
  3. bHazard ratio 1.33
  4. cHazard ratio 1.23
  5. dZ score 3.19
  6. eZ score 2.88
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

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