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Table 1 Patient characteristic according to presence or absence of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and hyperandrogenemia (HA)

From: The association between hyperandrogenemia and the metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese women

 

PCOS absent

 

PCOS present

 

HA present

HA absent

P value

HA present

HA absent

P value

N

616

972

-

230

82

-

Age, yrs

35 (8)

39 (7)

<0.001

33 (8)

36 (8)

0.001

BMI, kg/m2

44.4 (5.8)

43.2 (5.9)

<0.001

44.8 (6.4)

42.8 (6.2)

0.015

Weight, kg

124 (18)

121 (18)

<0.001

126 (20)

119 (19)

0.016

Waist circumference, cm

127 (13)

123 (13)

<0.001

127 (14)

123 (13)

0.025

WHR

0.94 (0.09)

0.92 (0.08)

<0.001

0.94 (0.08)

0.93 (0.10)

0.384

Metabolic syndrome

370 (60 %)

517 (53 %)

0.008

157 (68 %)

45 (55 %)

0.032

-waist ≥ 80 cm

611 (100 %)

963 (100 %)

1.000

228 (100 %)

82 (100 %)

-

-lipids

457 (74 %)

633 (65 %)

<0.001

186 (81 %)

51 (62 %)

0.001

triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L

285 (46 %)

398 (41 %)

0.037

116 (50 %)

32 (39 %)

0.094

HDL-cholesterol <1.30 mmol/L

391 (64 %)

469 (49 %)

<0.001

160 (70 %)

41 (50 %)

0.002

lipid lowering medication

37 (6 %)

66 (7 %)

0.601

18 (8 %)

8 (10 %)

0.642

-raised blood pressure

320 (52 %)

570 (59 %)

0.007

131 (57 %)

50 (61 %)

0.603

Systolic blood pressure ≥130, mmHg

233 (38 %)

386 (40 %)

0.428

106 (47 %)

36 (44 %)

0.700

Diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85, mmHg

195 (32 %)

311 (32 %)

0.868

74 (33 %)

28 (34 %)

0.785

Blood pressure lowering medication

110 (18 %)

246 (25 %)

0.001

44 (19 %)

17 (21 %)

0.748

-fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L OR diabetes mellitus

192 (31 %)

270 (28 %)

0.157

77 (34 %)

23 (28 %)

0.410

Type 2 diabetes

112 (18 %)

143 (15 %)

0.069

42 (18 %)

12 (15 %)

0.501

Cholelithiasis

59 (10 %)

114 (12 %)

0.187

18 (8 %)

7 (9 %)

0.816

Family history diabetes

195 (32 %)

300 (31 %)

0.781

87 (38 %)

30 (37 %)

0.895

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

125 (15)

126 (14)

0.290

127 (14)

128 (16)

0.806

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

80 (10)

80 (10)

0.394

80 (10)

80 (10)

0.516

Uric acid, μmol/L

345 (69)

325 (69)

<0.001

358 (69)

325 (72)

<0.001

PTH, pmol/L

6.9 (2.9)

7.2 (3.3)

0.045

6.7 (3.0)

7.3 (2.9)

0.147

Vitamin D 25-OH, nmol/L

54 (21)

57 (21)

0.006

49 (19)

50 (18)

0.840

Magnesium

0.84 (0.07)

0.85 (0.07)

0.178

0.83 (0.07)

0.83 (0.07)

0.978

Anxiety or depression

290 (47 %)

446 (46 %)

0.643

122 (53 %)

38 (46 %)

0.306

Insulin, pmol/L

129 (95)

107 (83)

<0.001

142 (75)

118 (70)

0.012

HOMA IR, (mmol/l * pmol/L / 135)

5.7 (6.0)

4.5 (4.4)

<0.001

6.0 (3.9)

4.8 (3.4)

0.017

≥1 hour physical activity/week

329 (64 %)

549 (67 %)

0.238

126 (68 %)

44 (60 %)

0.246

≥1 hour vigorous physical activity/week

192 (37 %)

356 (43 %)

0.026

73 (40 %)

32 (44 %)

0.574

Use of estrogens or gestagen medication

62 (10 %)

112 (12 %)

0.410

15 (7 %)

20 (24 %)

<0.001

Smoke (current or former/never)

368 (60 %)

561 (58 %)

0.432

147 (64 %)

38 (46 %)

0.006

SHBG, nmol/L

22.3 (9.2)

44.3 (29.2)

<0.001

20.8 (8.1)

46.6 (30.3)

<0.001

Total testosterone, nmol/L

1.90 (0.71)

1.16 (0.55)

<0.001

2.3 (1.2)

1.3 (0.5)

<0.001

Estimated free testosterone, nmol/L

0.039 (0.085)

0.003 (0.005)

<0.001

0.056 (0.140)

0.003 (0.005)

0.001

FTI

1.3 (3.1)

0.3 (0.1)

<0.001

1.7 (5.2)

0.3 (0.1)

0.017

  1. BMI; body mass index. WHR; waist hip ratio. PTH; parathyroid hormone. PCOS; polycystic ovarian syndrome. HOMA IR; Homeostasis Model Assessment - Insulin Resistance. FTI; free testosterone index, FTI > 0.6; Hyperandrogenemia (HA). SHBG; sex hormone binding globulin