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Table 4 Clinical characteristics of non-obese GDM cases and their controls, and obese GDM cases and their controls

From: The risk of metabolic syndrome after gestational diabetes mellitus – a hospital-based cohort study

 

GDM cases

Controls

Overall

 

BMI ≥ 27

BMI < 27

BMI ≥ 27

BMI < 27

p value

(n = 65)

(n = 55)

(n = 57)

(n = 63)

 

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg*

126.6 ± 12.3

117.7 ± 11.2

122.8 ± 12.4

116.1 ± 9.1

< 0.001

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg*

76.1 ± 9.6

70.5 ± 9.6

74.6 ± 8.1

69.1 ± 8.5

< 0.001

Mean peripheral pressure, mmHg*

94.0 ± 10.7

87.0 ± 8.4

91.5 ± 9.3

85.3 ± 8.8

< 0.001

Heart rate, beats per minute

66.6 ± 8.9

65.2 ± 9.3

65.2 ± 9.0

62.6 ± 10.1

NS

MetS, n (%)

15 (23.1 %)

4 (3.3 %)

8 (14.0 %)

0 (0 %)

< 0.001

- Waist circumference > 88 cm, n (%)

62 (95.4 %)

27 (49.1 %)

53 (93.0 %)

20 (31.7 %)

< 0.001

- Blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg, n (%)

27 (41.5 %)

8 (14.5 %)

19 (33.3 %)

6 (9.5 %)

< 0.001

- HDL cholesterol < 1.30 mmol/L, n (%)

14 (21.5 %)

9 (16.4 %)

14 (24.6 %)

8 (12.7 %)

NS

- Triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, n (%)

9 (13.8 %)

3 (5.5 %)

4 (7.0 %)

1 (1.6 %)

NS (0.050)

- Glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol/L or diabetes, n (%)

11 (16.9 %)

7 (12.7%)

1 (1.8 %)

3 (4.8 %)

0.012

  1. Metabolic syndrome and separate variables defined by NCEP.
  2. Data are presented as mean ± SD if not mentioned otherwise.
  3. *Differences between non-obese GDM cases and their controls, and obese GDM cases and their controls were non-significant; differences in other subgroup comparisons were significant.