|
Characteristic
*
|
Initial cohort
|
Propensity score matched cohort
|
|---|
|
Aspirin non-user
|
Low-dose aspirin user
|
d
†
|
Aspirin non-user
|
Low-dose aspirin user
|
d
†
|
|---|
|
(N = 244,882)
|
(N = 16,183)
|
(N = 15,849)
|
(N = 15,849)
|
|---|
|
N
|
(%)
|
N
|
(%)
|
N
|
(%)
|
N
|
(%)
|
|---|
|
Gender
|
Male
|
144,933
|
(59.2)
|
9,192
|
(56.8)
|
0.0483
|
8,877
|
(56.0)
|
8,986
|
(56.7)
|
0.0139
|
|
Female
|
99,949
|
(40.8)
|
6,991
|
(43.2)
| |
6,972
|
(44.0)
|
6,863
|
(43.3)
| |
|
Age
|
40-49
|
73,569
|
(30.0)
|
3,806
|
(23.5)
|
0.3481
|
3,631
|
(22.9)
|
3,737
|
(23.6)
|
0.0158
|
|
50-59
|
76,267
|
(31.1)
|
5,165
|
(31.9)
|
0.0356
|
4,690
|
(29.6)
|
5,067
|
(32.0)
|
0.0516
|
|
60-69
|
57,709
|
(23.6)
|
4,433
|
(27.4)
|
0.1971
|
4,489
|
(28.3
|
4,342
|
(27.4)
|
0.0207
|
|
70-99
|
37,337
|
(15.2)
|
2,779
|
(17.2)
|
0.1385
|
3,039
|
(19.2)
|
2,703
|
(17.1)
|
0.0551
|
|
Insurance type
|
Health insurance
|
225,785
|
(92.2)
|
14,896
|
(92.0)
|
0.0212
|
14,032
|
(88.5)
|
14,615
|
(92.2)
|
0.1250
|
|
Medicaid
|
15,399
|
(6.3)
|
947
|
(5.9)
|
0.0779
|
1,334
|
(8.4)
|
920
|
(5.8)
|
0.1018
|
|
Switching
|
3,698
|
(1.5)
|
340
|
(2.1)
|
0.3086
|
483
|
(3.0)
|
314
|
(2.0)
|
0.0681
|
|
Type of diabetes
|
Type 1 only
|
10,505
|
(4.3)
|
910
|
(5.6)
|
0.0615
|
1,011
|
(6.4)
|
809
|
(5.1)
|
0.0548
|
| |
Type 2 and others
|
234,377
|
(95.7)
|
15,273
|
(94.4)
| |
14,838
|
(93.6)
|
15,040
|
(94.9)
| |
|
Antidiabetic medication
|
OHA
|
206,194
|
(84.2)
|
14,315
|
(88.5)
|
0.1241
|
13,078
|
(82.5)
|
14,101
|
(89.0)
|
0.1854
|
|
OHA + insulin
|
38,688
|
(15.8)
|
1,868
|
(11.5)
| |
2,771
|
(17.5)
|
1,748
|
(11.0)
| |
|
Diagnosis of essential hypertension
|
Yes
|
56,688
|
(23.1)
|
7,912
|
(48.9)
|
0.5566
|
8,379
|
(52.9)
|
7,624
|
(48.1)
|
0.0954
|
|
Diagnosis of dyslipidemia
|
Yes
|
27,592
|
(11.3)
|
4,253
|
(26.3)
|
0.3918
|
4,601
|
(29.0)
|
4,072
|
(25.7)
|
0.0749
|
|
Medication use
|
Statins
|
28,601
|
(11.7)
|
4,283
|
(26.5)
|
0.3832
|
4,291
|
(27.1)
|
4,076
|
(25.7)
|
0.0308
|
| |
ACEI
|
11,878
|
(4.9)
|
2,266
|
(13.8)
|
0.3102
|
2,194
|
(13.8)
|
2,028
|
(12.8)
|
0.0308
|
| |
ARB
|
24,597
|
(10.0)
|
4,321
|
(26.7)
|
0.4404
|
4,301
|
(27.1)
|
4,063
|
(25.6)
|
0.0341
|
| |
CCB
|
47,268
|
(19.3)
|
6,311
|
(39.0)
|
0.4439
|
6,552
|
(41.3
|
6,099
|
(38.5)
|
0.0584
|
| |
Beta blockers
|
26,413
|
(10.8)
|
2,696
|
(16.7)
|
0.1713
|
3,291
|
(20.8)
|
2,624
|
(16.6)
|
0.1082
|
| |
Thiazide diuretics
|
30,824
|
(12.6)
|
4,481
|
(27.7)
|
0.3834
|
4,811
|
(30.4)
|
4,264
|
(26.9)
|
0.0764
|
| |
NSAID
|
145,733
|
(59.5)
|
10,155
|
(62.8)
|
0.0665
|
10,416
|
(65.7)
|
9,939
|
(62.7)
|
0.0628
|
- d: standardized difference.
- ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB: calcium channel blocker; NSAID: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; OHA: oral hypoglycemic agents SD: standard deviation.
- *Baseline characteristics for study subjects were identified within one year before index date.
-
†Standardized difference (d) of greater than 0.1 represents meaningful imbalance between study groups.
