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Table 3 Linear and logistic regression analyses for the combined effect of cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome on hs-CRP

From: Cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome

Median linear regression coefficients (95% CI)

 

Smokers with no MetS

Non-smokers with MetS

Smokers with MetS

Model 1

0.10 (-0.06, 0.26)

0.70 (0.60, 0.80)

1.3 (1.06, 1.56)

Model 2

0.12 (-0.04, 0.29)

0.73 (0.62, 0.84)

1.39 (1.13, 1.66)

Model 3

0.11 (-0.05, 0.27)

0.69 (0.58, 0.79)

1.29 (1.03, 1.55)

Logistic regression odds ratio for elevated hs-CRP (95% CI)

 

Smokers with no MetS

Non-smokers with MetS

Smokers with MetS

Model 1

1.27 (0.97, 1.66)

1.83 (1.56, 2.16)

3.70 (2.59, 5.28)

Model 2

1.28 (0.97, 1.67)

2.09 (1.76, 2.48)

4.24 (2.95, 6.08)

Model 3

1.30 (0.99, 1.71)

2.02 (1.69, 2.41)

4.00 (2.77, 5.08)

  1. Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for age and sex; and Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, LDL, total cholesterol, statins and anti-hypertensive medications Hs-CRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein; and MetS: metabolic syndrome elevated hs-CRP = hs-CRP >3 mg/L.