Table 1 Comparison of anthropometric, biochemical variables and age between individuals with and without MS

Age (years)

46.0 (24.0-64.0)

48.0 (28.0-63.0)

0.241

Leptin (ng/mL)

6.2 (2.2-32.3)

11.4 (2.9-36.8)

<0.001**

BDNF (ng/mL)

11.7 (2.8-29.2)

11.5 (2.7-27.8)

0.946

Glucose (mg/dL)

84.0 (66.0-113.0)

95.5 (70.0-134.0)

<0.001**

Insulin (μU/mL)

11.7 (4.5-30.7)

15.8 (5.6-37.3)

<0.001**

TG (mg/dL)

84.0 (58.0-270.0)

169.0 (63.0-302.0)

<0.001**

HDL-C (mg/dL)

50.0 (28.0-77.0)

40.0 (27.0-71.0)

<0.001**

Systolic BP (mmHg)

120.0 (95.0-160.0)

130.0 (100.0-170.0)

<0.001**

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

74.0 (60.0-95.0)

80.0 (64.0-100.0)

<0.001**

BMI (kg/m²)

22.8 (18.9-35.5)

26.5 (19.5-37.9)

<0.001**

Waist/Hip ratio

0.82 (0.69-0.97)

0.88 (0.72-0.99)

<0.001**

WC (cm)

77.0 (61.5-101.3)

91.0 (66.5-106.0)

<0.001**

AC (cm)

27.5 (21.8-34.0)

30.2 (22.9-38.5)

<0.001**

TSF (mm)

17.9 (6.5-37.5)

26.0 (8.5-40.9)

<0.001**