|
• Clinical data
| | | |
|
Body mass index (kg/m2)
|
29.1 ± 4.5
|
31.3 ± 5.8
|
0.05
|
|
Waist circumference (cm)
|
102.7 ± 12.5
|
100.0 ± 13.2
|
0.16
|
|
Fat mass (%)
|
25.8 ± 6.3
|
38.4 ± 6.8
|
<0.01
|
|
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)
|
101.2 ± 10.6
|
98.3 ± 11.8
|
0.08
|
|
Non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
|
153.9 ± 38.9
|
157.6 ± 43.6
|
0.55
|
|
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
|
161.5 ± 69.4
|
144.3 ± 67.1
|
<0.01
|
|
Adiponectin (ng/mL)
|
8.7 ± 1.9
|
13.7 ± 1.8
|
<0.01
|
|
HOMA-IR
|
1.9 ± 1.9
|
2.0 ± 1.9
|
0.52
|
|
C-reactive protein (mg/dL)
|
0.2 ± 0.1
|
0.4 ± 0.1
|
<0.01
|
|
Tumor necrosis factor-α (pg/mL)
|
12.0 ± 4.7
|
12.5 ± 7.4
|
0.59
|
|
Superoxide dismutase (U/ml)
|
44.2 ± 1.5
|
42.6 ± 1.4
|
0.50
|
|
Oxidized LDL (μg/mL)
|
11.3 ± 1.7
|
8.2 ± 1.6
|
0.12
|
|
• Dietary data
| | | |
|
Energy (kcal)
|
1,801 ± 695
|
1,798 ± 662
|
0.98
|
|
Saturated-to-unsaturated fatty acids
|
0.5 ± 0.2
|
0.5 ± 0.1
|
0.66
|
|
Total fiber (g)
|
15.5 ± 5.5
|
15.6 ± 5.5
|
0.32
|
|
Pro-vitamin A carotenoids (μg)
|
227.4 ± 2.4
|
207.5 ± 2.3
|
0.46
|
|
Vitamin E (mg)
|
5.6 ± 2.1
|
5.9 ± 3.2
|
0.63
|
|
Vitamin C (mg)
|
62.7 ± 4.6
|
64.2 ± 2.8
|
0.89
|
|
Fruits (servings)
|
1.9 ± 0.6
|
2.2 ± 0.4
|
0.11
|
|
Vegetables (servings)
|
1.2 ± 0.2
|
1.6 ± 0.3
|
0.64
|
