From: Comparison of salivary and plasma adiponectin and leptin in patients with metabolic syndrome
 | Healthy subjects (n = 46) | Patients with metabolic syndrome (n = 82) | p-value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Total | Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | |
Gender | 46 | 13 | 33 | 82 | 40 | 42 | .024 |
Age (years) | 44.50 | 52.00 | 44.00 | 48.00 | 49.00 | 48.00‡ | .013 |
(38.75-53.00) | (41.50-58.50) | (38.00-49.00) | (43.75-58.00) | (44.00-58.75) | (42.75-55.75) | ||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.82 | 22.00 | 21.81 | 27.26 | 26.97# | 27.28# | <.001 |
(20.22-22.89) | (20.97-23.55) | (19.42-22.81) | (24.56-29.53) | (24.68-29.20) | (23.96-30.10) | ||
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 73.00 | 72.00 | 73.00 | 181.50 | 205.50# | 165.00# | <.001 |
(57.75-89.00) | (64.00-95.00) | (56.50-86.50) | (136.00-290.50) | (141.50-304.00) | (128.00-244.00) | ||
High density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) | - | 60.00 | 65.00 | - | 44.50# | 44.50# | <.001 |
 | (53.00-65.00) | (60.00-75.50) |  | (35.25-51.75) | (40.75-49.25) | ||
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) | 105.50 | 115.00 | 100.00 | 159.50 | 154.50# | 162.50# | <.001 |
(91.25-117.25) | (101.00-123.00) | (88.50-116.50) | (141.00-184.00) | (140.25-188.00) | (141.75-184.00) | ||
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 182.00 | 191.00 | 178.00 | 233.00 | 232.00# | 235.00# | <.001 |
(169.75-193.25) | (177.50-195.00) | (165.50-191.50) | (210.25-260.00) | (212.25-259.75) | (207.75-260.25) | ||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 117.00 | 118.00 | 116.00 | 134.00 | 135.00# | 133.00# | <.001 |
(109.00-125.25) | (109–126.50) | (109.00-125.00) | (119.75-141.25) | (120.50-141.75) | (117.75-141.25) | ||
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73.00 | 78.00 | 72.00 | 85.50 | 88.00# | 81.50# | <.001 |
(68.75-79.25) | (70.50-80.50) | (67.50-78.00) | (79.00-91.25) | (82.25-95.00) | (74.75-87.25) | ||
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 90.00 | 92.00 | 90.00 | 102.50 | 107.50# | 100.00# | <.001 |
(87.00-94.00) | (89.00-94.00) | (86.00-94.00) | (96.00-119.25) | (99.00-123.00) | (92.75-108.00) | ||
Waist circumference (cm) | - | 81.00 | 75.00 | - | 91.00# | 90.50# | <.001 |
 | (73.50-82.00) | (69.50-78.50) |  | (86.00-95.75) | (86.75-94.50) | ||
Plasma adiponectin (μg/ml) | 32.24 | 20.21 | 33.38 | 14.01 | 13.69‡ | 14.21# | <.001 |
(17.96-46.84) | (9.842-41.33) | (21.13-48.64) | (8.09-14.010) | (5.38-20.79) | (9.66-28.07) | ||
Salivary adiponectin (μg/ml) | 2.92 | 3.46 | 1.93 | 2.78 | 3.51 | 1.88 | .619 |
(7.91-6.23) | (1.74-7.03) | (5.62-4.38) | (1.05-6.48) | (1.49-9.09) | (8.17-6.25) | ||
Plasma leptin (ng/ml) | 6.04 | 2.39 | 7.39 | 13.23 | 7.37# | 21.70# | <.001 |
(2.92-9.24) | (1.17-3.58) | (5.13-10.38) | (6.50-22.13) | (4.85-11.40) | (14.77-28.59) | ||
Salivary leptin (pg/ml) | 33.80 | 38.51 | 31.21 | 34.88 | 43.17 | 29.59 | .523 |
(14.66-102.80) | (18.71-104.55) | (11.71-103.89) | (17.07-54.77) | (14.57-59.88) | (17.34-48.98) |