Table 1 Comparisons of clinical variables between DM/–DPN and DM/DPN groups
|  | DM/–DPN group | DM/DPN group | t/ χ2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n | 45 | 45 | – | – |
Age (year) | 58.7 ± 6.6 | 59.8 ± 8.3 | 0.675 | 0.501 |
Female, n (%) | 24 (53.3) | 20 (44.4) | 0.711 | 0.399 |
Diabetic duration (year) | 5.0 (2.0–8.0) | 6.0 (2.0–9.0) | – | 0.413 |
Insulin treatment, n (%) | 10 (22.2) | 17 (37.8) | 2.593 | 0.107 |
Lifestyle intervention, n (%) | 12 (26.7) | 5 (11.1) | 3.554 | 0.059 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 23 (51.1) | 17 (37.8) | 1.620 | 0.203 |
Stain medication, n (%) | 8 (17.8) | 13 (28.9) | 1.553 | 0.213 |
Current drinking, n (%) | 20 (44.4) | 22 (48.9) | 0.179 | 0.673 |
Current smoking, n (%) | 17 (37.8) | 20 (44.4) | 0.413 | 0.520 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 ± 3.9 | 23.9 ± 3.3 | 3.123 | 0.002 |
Height (m) | 1.68 ± 0.07 | 1.66 ± 0.08 | 0.921 | 0.360 |
SBP (mmHg) | 139 ± 18 | 134 ± 18 | 1.317 | 0.191 |
DBP (mmHg) | 83 ± 12 | 80 ± 10 | 1.296 | 0.198 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.6 (1.0–2.9) | 1.1 (0.8–1.9) | – | 0.057 |
TC (mmol/L) | 5.0 ± 1.3 | 4.4 ± 1.0 | 2.482 | 0.015 |
HDLC (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.815 | 0.073 |
LDLC (mmol/L) | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 2.839 | 0.006 |
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 110 ± 26 | 105 ± 22 | 0.706 | 0.482 |
Matsuda ISI | 94(69–145) | 110 (58–153) | – | 0.707 |
HbA1c (%) | 6.4 ± 0.4 | 6.5 ± 0.4 | 1.576 | 0.119 |
Hypoglycemia, n (%) | 3 (6.7) | 6 (13.3) | 1.111 | 0.292 |
SDBG (mmol/L) | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 3.800 | <0.001 |
MODD (mmol/L) | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 2.2 ± 0.6 | 2.873 | 0.005 |
MAGE (mmol/L) | 4.5 ± 0.9 | 5.8 ± 1.6 | 2.839 | <0.001 |