From: Sex-based disparities in cardioprotective medication use in adults with diabetes
 | Men | Women | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
 | N = 18,174 | N = 15,120 |  |
 | (54.6%) | (45.4%) |  |
Demographic characteristics | Â | Â | Â |
  Mean age at DM diagnosis (SD) | 61.7 (13.2) | 62.9 (15.2) | <0.001 |
  Mean age at DM diagnosis (SD) By age group |  |  |  |
    <55 | 46.4 (5.9) | 44.8 (6.9) | <0.001 |
    55+ | 68.8 (9.0) | 71.1 (9.8) | <0.001 |
  Age group <55 years | 5,766 (31.6) | 4,745 (31.2) | 0.457 |
  Mean years of follow-up (SD) | 5.10 (3.1) | 5.14 (3.1) | 0.257 |
  Range of follow up in years | 0-12.0 | 0-12.0 |  |
Comorbidity | Â | Â | Â |
  CDS score (Quartile) |  |  | <0.001 |
    2 | 5,258 (28.9) | 3,143 (20.8) |  |
    3-5 | 5,161 (28.4) | 4,657 (30.8) |  |
    6-8 | 5,004 (27.5) | 4,469 (29.6) |  |
    9+ | 2,751 (15.1) | 2,851 (18.9) |  |
  Cardiovascular disease status at baseline (diabetes diagnosis) | 6,504 (35.8) | 5,008 (33.1) | <0.0001 |
  Renal disease in the 3 years prior to index | 360 (2.0) | 247 (1.6) | 0.031 |
Access to care in the 3 years prior to index | Â | Â | Â |
Total physician office visits | Â | Â | <0.001 |
  0-11 office visits | 5,792 (31.9) | 2,857 (18.9) |  |
  12-21 office visits | 4,814 (26.5) | 3,579 (23.7) |  |
  22-35 office visits | 3,976 (21.9) | 4,179 (27.6) |  |
  36 or more office visits | 3,592 (19.8) | 4,505 (29.8) |  |
Hospitalizations | Â | Â | <0.001 |
  0 | 11,989 (66.0) | 9,661 (63.9) |  |
  1 or more | 6,185 (34.0) | 5,459 (36.1) |  |
Day surgeries | Â | Â | <0.001 |
  0 | 13,146 (72.3) | 10,587 (70.0) |  |
  1 or more | 5,028 (27.7) | 4,533 (30.0) |  |
Cardioprotective medication use in the 1 year prior to DM diagnosis | Â | Â | Â |
  Statin | 2,530 (13.9) | 2,050 (13.6) | 0.339 |
  ACEi | 4,576 (25.2) | 3,831 (25.3) | 0.740 |
  ARB | 1,187 (6.5) | 1,401 (9.3) | <0.0001 |
  ACEi or ARB | 5,505 (30.3) | 4,977 (32.9) | <0.0001 |
  Any of the above | 6,541 (36.0) | 5,868 (38.8) | <0.0001 |