Parameter | Category | Odds ratio | 95% confidence interval | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | ||||
Basic Model | |||||
Baseline HbA1c (%) | 0.927 | 0.905 | 0.950 | <0.0001 | |
Age (years) | ≥75 | 0.902 | 0.776 | 1.049 | 0.6660 |
≥70 to < 75 | 0.969 | 0.834 | 1.126 | ||
≥65 to < 70 | 0.959 | 0.829 | 1.109 | ||
≥60 to < 65 | 1.015 | 0.885 | 1.165 | ||
≥55 to < 60 | 1.020 | 0.889 | 1.171 | ||
≥50 to < 55 | 0.945 | 0.813 | 1.098 | ||
< 50 (reference group) | 0 | . | . | ||
Gender | Female vs. Male | 0.916 | 0.849 | 0.989 | 0.0229 |
Duration of Diabetes (years) | >13 | 0.945 | 0.844 | 1.059 | 0.1681 |
>8.5 to ≤13 | 0.884 | 0.795 | 0.983 | ||
>5 to ≤8.5 | 0.898 | 0.807 | 1.000 | ||
≤5 (reference group) | 0 | . | . | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | ≥35 | 3.351 | 2.934 | 3.827 | <0.0001 |
≥30 to <35 | 2.389 | 2.130 | 2.681 | ||
≥25 to <30 | 1.709 | 1.538 | 1.899 | ||
<25 (reference group) | 0 | . | . | ||
Adjusted for Basic Model Parameters | |||||
Previous History | |||||
Pre-insulin Hypoglycaemia | Yes vs. No | 1.113 | 0.940 | 1.318 | 0.4518 |
Microvascular disease | Yes vs. No | 1.050 | 0.967 | 1.141 | 0.4390 |
Macrovascular disease | Yes vs. No | 1.021 | 0.934 | 1.116 | 0.4052 |
Number of OHAs Prior to Insulin Initiation | >2 OHAs | 0.853 | 0.756 | 0.963 | 0.0003 |
2 OHAs | 0.928 | 0.850 | 1.012 | ||
1 OHA (reference group) | 0 | . | . | ||
Adjusted for Basic Model Parameters and Number of OHAs Prior to Insulin Initiation | |||||
Change in OHA Regimen | Increased | 0.965 | 0.784 | 1.189 | 0.0002 |
Decreased | 1.150 | 1.035 | 1.278 | ||
Unchanged (reference group) | 0 | . | |||
Concomitant OHA Treatment | |||||
Metformin | Yes vs. No | 1.167 | 1.066 | 1.279 | 0.0009 |
Sulphonylureas | Yes vs. No | 0.962 | 0.888 | 1.043 | 0.3485 |
Glinides | Yes vs. No | 0.939 | 0.848 | 1.041 | 0.2315 |
α-Glucosidase Inhibitors | Yes vs. No | 1.102 | 0.973 | 1.248 | 0.1262 |
Thiazolidinediones | Yes vs. No | 0.789 | 0.675 | 0.921 | 0.0027 |
DPP-IV Inhibitors | Yes vs. No | 0.845 | 0.710 | 1.005 | 0.0576 |
Final Insulin Dose (U/kg) | >0.3 | 0.871 | 0.773 | 0.981 | 0.0241 |
0.2 to <0.3 | 0.887 | 0.791 | 0.994 | ||
0.1 to <0.2 | 0.973 | 0.877 | 1.079 | ||
< 0.1 (reference group) | 0 | . | . | ||
Mean Insulin Dose (U/kg) | >0.27 | 0.836 | 0.740 | 0.945 | 0.0193 |
0.20- < 0.27 | 0.880 | 0.776 | 0.997 | ||
0.13- < 0.20 | 0.944 | 0.850 | 1.049 | ||
<0.13 (reference group) | 0 |