Impact of diabetes mellitus on arterial stiffness in a representative sample of an urban Brazilian population

Table 1 General characteristics, biochemical, and hemodynamic data of the general population plus Amerindian

Variables	Diabetics (n136)	Non-diabetics (n1867)	p value
Age (years)	52.7 ± 10.0	41.8 ± 12.3	<0.001
Gender, female (%)	60.3	531	011
Race/color (%)
Amerindian	4.1	95.9
White	7.1	92.9	0.01
Intermediate	8.6	91.4	0.01
Black	6.8	93.2
Hypertension (%)	757	354	<0.001
Increased arterial stiffness (%)	39.0	11.7	<0.001
Smokers (%)	274	236	048
Hyperlipidemia (%)	45.0	24.4	<0.001
Body mass index (Kg/m²)	29.6 ± 5.9	25.7 ± 4.5	<0.001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	212.1 ± 69.7	199.6 ± 50.0	0.004
LDL-C (mg/dL)	1326 ± 46.3	128.8 ± 44.4	0.32
HDL-C (mg/dl)	42.4 ± 10.4	46.8 ± 13.4	<0.001
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	194.1 ± 233.9	122.3 ± 101.2	<0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	134.9 ± 213	125.3 ± 20.1	<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	85.2 ± 14.0	81.6 ± 14.1	0.004
Pulse wave velocity (m/s)	11.6 ± 2.7	9.3 ± 2.1	<0.001

Continuous data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
HDL-C: high density lipoprotein; LDL-C: low density lipoprotein.
Biochemical data and blood pressures were adjusted for age, gender, and ethnicity.
Analysis of PWV variable is adjusted for age, gender, mean blood pressure (MBP), ethnicity, body mass index, and smoking.
Ethnicity is categorized as Amerindian, White, Mulatto (Brown or “pardo” in Portuguese, person with admixture between White and Black) and Black.
Hypertension = mean systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or use of anti-hypertension drugs.
Increased arterial stiffness frequency = pulse wave velocity (PWV) ≥ 12m/s.
Diabetes = fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL and/or use of hypoglycemic drugs.
Dyslipidemia = total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dL, LDL-C ≥ 160 mg/dL, and/or use of hypolipidemic drugs.
Individuals who had ever smoked more than five cigarettes per day for the last year were classified as smokers.

ISSN: 1758-5996