Table 1 Baseline and 9-month clinical and laboratory data and their changes according to the type of intervention (IP: intensive and TP: traditional)
Intensive | Traditional | p (intensivevs. traditional) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 9 months | p | Baseline | 9 months | p | ||
Energy intake (kcal) | 1870 ± 77 | 1519 ± 64 | <0.001 | 1735 ± 83 | 1539 ± 70 | <0.001 | 0.043 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 31.7 ± 5.7 | 31.0 ± 5.7 | <0.001 | 29.9 ± 5.8** | 29.4 ± 5.4** | 0.002 | 0.510 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 103.6 ± 11.9 | 101.0 ± 10.7 | <0.001 | 98.6 ± 13.5** | 97.3 ± 12.8** | 0.036 | 0.053 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 136.3 ± 17.4 | 132.2 ± 19.1 | 0.060 | 134.3 ± 17.8 | 134.7 ± 18.9 | 0.994 | 0.037 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 84.2 ± 10.0 | 79.6 ± 8.5 | <0.001 | 80.3 ± 9.9** | 79.7 ± 8.1 | 0.933 | <0.001 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 99.4 ± 12.1 | 96.7 ± 12.1 | 0.072 | 99.1 ± 11.0 | 98.4 ± 12.8 | 0.646 | 0.262 |
2-h plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 121.2 ± 27.6 | 114.1 ± 28.5 | 0.047 | 115.1 ± 26.9 | 114.2 ± 30.3 | 0.991 | 0.088 |
Fasting insulin (μUI/mL) | 10.4 ± 6.9 | 8.8 ± 6.7 | 0.089 | 9.9 ± 6.8 | 7.8 ± 5.9 | 0.019 | 0.569 |
HOMA-IR | 2.55 ± 1.75 | 2.10 ± 1.61 | 0.059 | 2.44 ± 1.79 | 1.96 ± 1.65 | 0.059 | 0.904 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 201.8 ± 39.8 | 197.6 ± 39.9 | 0.258 | 195.9 ± 44.6 | 193.6 ± 46.9 | 0.370 | 0.748 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 42.7 ± 11.8 | 45.5 ± 12.6 | 0.058 | 41.7 ± 11.8 | 45.3 ± 12.3 | 0.011 | 0.563 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 151.4 ± 66.5 | 144.7 ± 51.6 | 0.568 | 150.4 ± 68.4 | 152.7 ± 87.8 | 0.725 | 0.245 |
Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 11.6 ± 7.2 | 15.7 ± 9.7 | 0.018 | 18.1 ± 17.6** | 18.2 ± 17.1 | 0.999 | 0.030 |
TNF-α (ng/mL) | 12.6 ± 6.2 | 11.0 ± 7.2 | 0.017 | 12.4 ± 7.2 | 10.6 ± 5.3 | 0.004 | 0.634 |
C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 0.60 ± 0.56 | 0.58 ± 0.56 | 0.963 | 0.42 ± 0.49** | 0.30 ± 0.34** | 0.084 | 0.132 |