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Table 5 Insulin, HOMA-IR and HOMA ß-cell values at baseline and during follow up by GC scheme*

From: Hyperglycemia related to high-dose glucocorticoid use in noncritically ill patients

Variable

CGC n =12

CyGC n = 20

P^

Baseline

   

Insulin (pmol/L)

64.59 ± 17.36

53.48 ± 18.75

0.12

HOMA-IR

2.2 ± 0.79

1.73 ± 0.79

0.11

HOMA (β-cell)

112.8 ± 47.8

113.3 ± 63.2

0.98

Insulin, follow-up week (pmol/L)

  

1

105.56 ± 66.67

-

-

2

125.70 ± 75.01

-

-

3

142.37 ± 57.64

106.95 ± 59.73

0.11

4

154.87 ± 88.20

-

-

5

156.96 ± 86.81

-

-

6

169.46 ± 109.73

125.70 ± 73.62

0.19

8

129.87 ± 68.75

-

-

9

-

120.15 ± 70.84

-

12

-

96.53 ± 40.28

-

Insulin (pmol/L) [n]

   

With DM1

63.20 ± 15.97

61.46 ± 20.14

0.88

Without DM2

66.67 ± 21.32

51.39 ± 18.75

0.15

P value (1 vs. 2)

0.75

0.39

-

HOMA-IR

   

With DM3

2.20 ± 0.74

2.14 ± 0.96

0.91

Without DM4

2.21 ± 0.94

1.62 ± 0.75

0.17

P value (3 vs.4)

0.99

0.35

-

HOMA- β-cell

   

With DM5

98.8 ± 21.9

135.3 ± 102

0.36

Without DM6

132 ± 68.9

107 ± 53.1

0.40

p value (5 vs.6)

0.24

0.45

-

MMII pmol/L(%)

   

With DM [week]7

145.84(231%) [6]

154.18(251%) [9]

0.76

Without DM [week]8

82.64 (116%) [4]

56.25 (111%) [6]

0.37

p value (7 vs. 8)

0.02*

0.01*

-

  1. All data reported as total number of subjects and (%) or mean ± SD.
  2. CGC, continuous glucocorticoid regimen; CyGC, cyclic glucocorticoid regimen; DM, diabetes mellitus; HOMA-IR, Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance; HOMA ß-cell, Homeostasis Model Assessment Beta Cell Function; MMII, mean maximum insulin increase.
  3. *Significant P value ≤ 0.05.
  4. p^ continuous vs. cyclic.
  5. HOMA-IR = [Fasting Insulin (μU/ml) x Fasting Glucose (mmol/L)]/22.5.
  6. HOMA- ß-cell = [20 x Fasting Insulin (μU/ml)]/[Fasting Glucose (mmol/L)]-3.5.
  7. Mean absolute maximum value.