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Table 1 Clinico-biochemical characteristics and measures of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for each group

From: Differences in circadian time structure of diastolic blood pressure between diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension

Characteristic

NT

T1D

T2D

HT

P value

F/M

17/13

13/7

10/10

10/10

0.678

Age (years)

55±10

53±7

57±7

54±7

0.230

BMI (Kg/m2)

26±5

26±4

29±4

28± 4

0.125

FPG (mmol/l)

5.0±0.5

10.8±4.5*

9.0±3.4*

5.4±0.6°#

<0.0001

HbA1c (%)

5.5±0.3

8.7±1.2*

7.2±1.4*°

5.7±0.3°#

<0.0001

SBP MESOR (mmHg)

123±8

136±11*

134±15*

139±13*

<0.0001

SBP Amplitude (mmHg)

9±5

11±4

8±4

10±5

0.168

SBP Acrophase (hour)

14±4

14±5

13±4

15±4

0.523

DBP MESOR (mmHg)

75±5

76±5

79±7*

83±9*°#

0.0003

DBP Amplitude (mmHg)

7±4

6±4

6±2

7±3

0.265

DBP Acrophase (hour)

14±3

10±4*

12±4*

14±2°#

0.0002

24-h PP (mmHg)

48±6

60±9*

55±11*

60±15*

0.0001

Night/day SBP ratio

0.76±0.15

0.89±0.10*

0.90±0.08*

0.88±0.07*

0.001

Night/day DBP ratio

0.86±0.10

0.91±0.12

0.89±0.09

0.85±0.07

0.177

AASI

0.49±0.12

0.61±0.15*

0.57±0.13*

0.52±0.15°

0.0133

  1. Data are mean±SD by ANOVA. NT, normotensive control subjects; T1D, patients with type 1 diabetes; T2D, patients with type 2 diabetes; HT, patients with essential hypertension; BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MESOR, midline-estimating statistic of rhythm; PP, pulse pressure; AASI, ambulatory arterial stiffness index. P value between the 4 groups; * P < 0.05 vs controls; ° P < 0.05 vs T1D; # P < 0.05 vs T2D.