Elevated LDL-C levels/hypertriglyceridemia | Group A | Group B | Group C | Group D | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(−)/(−) (n = 216) | (+)/(−) (n = 120) | (−)/(+) (n = 95) | (+)/(+) (n = 45) | ||
Lipid profiles | |||||
TG (mg/dl) | 91.1 [85.1−96.7] | 98.1 [90.5−105.6] | 229.3 [220.8−237.8] | 219.0 [206.7−231.4] | < 0.001 |
HDL-C (mg/dl) | 59.3 [57.6−61.1] | 56.8 [54.4−59.1] | 49.3 [46.7−52.0] | 48.9 [45.1−52.7] | < 0.001 |
LDL-C (mg/dl) | 114.2 [111.8−116.7] | 162.5 [159.2−165.8] | 112.1 [108.4−115.8] | 159.1 [153.8−164.5] | < 0.001 |
Sd-LDL-C (mg/dl) | 33.8 [31.9−35.6] | 49.6 [47.2−52.1] | 51.9 [49.2−54.7] | 68.5 [64.5−72.5] | < 0.001 |
Sd-LDL-C/LDL-C | 0.30 [0.28−0.31] | 0.30 [0.29−0.32] | 0.47 [0.45−0.48] | 0.43 [0.40−0.46] | < 0.001 |
TC (mg/dl) | 191.8 [188.7−194.8] | 238.9 [234.8−243.1] | 207.3 [202.7−212.0] | 251.8 [245.1−258.6] | < 0.001 |
Apolipoprotein B (mg/dl) | 82.8 [75.5−80.4] | 112.6 [110.3−114.9] | 99.4 [96.8−102.0] | 126.3 [122.5−130.1] | < 0.001 |
Demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data | |||||
Age (years) | 57.4 [56.2−58.7] | 56.1 [54.4−57.8] | 54.3 [52.4−56.3] | 51.5 [48.7−54.3] | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.6 [23.2−24.0] | 24.0 [23.4−24.5] | 25.1 [24.5−25.7] | 25.7 [24.8−26.6] | < 0.001 |
Obesity (% of subjects) | 31.0 | 30.8 | 46.3 | 62.2 | < 0.001 |
Glucose (mg/dl) | 103.8 [101.4−106.1] | 105.2 [102.1−108.4] | 113.5 [110.0−117.1] | 111.5 [106.4−116.7] | < 0.001 |
Hyperglycemia | |||||
(% of subjects) | 22.7 | 27.5 | 37.9 | 44.4 | 0.004 |
ALT (IU/L) | 24.3 [22.0−26.6] | 27.4 [24.3−30.5] | 34.4 [30.9−37.9] | 34.6 [29.5−39.6] | < 0.001 |
γ-GTP (IU/L) | 35.3 [29.4−41.2] | 38.6 [30.7−46.5] | 70.0 [61.2−78.9] | 59.6 [46.8−72.5] | < 0.001 |
Fatty liver (% of subjects) | 25.9 | 43.3 | 61.1 | 53.3 | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | |||||
(% of subjects) | 53.7 | 54.2 | 57.9 | 55.6 | 0.919 |
Current alcohol consumption | |||||
(% of subjects) | 38.4 | 54.2 | 46.3 | 33.3 | 0.153 |
Current smokers | |||||
(% of subjects) | 28.7 | 30.0 | 28.4 | 24.4 | 0.919 |