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Table 1 Mean weight and lipids in 48 patients with type 1 diabetes before and after 4 years of carbohydrate reduction

From: Low carbohydrate diet in type 1 diabetes, long-term improvement and adherence: A clinical audit

 

Start

3 months

P(1)

4 years

P(2)

Weight(kg)

77.6 ± 15

74.9 ± 13.9

<0.001

76.7 ± 14.6

0.18

BMI (Kg/m2)

25.9 ± 3.5

25.0 ± 3.4

<0.001

25.7 ± 3.8

0.22

Tot-cholesterol (mmol/l)

5.4 ± 1

5.6 ± 1.0

0.2

5.6 ± 0.9

0.44

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.5 ± 0.4

1.6 ± 0.5

0.03

1.7 ± 0.4

<0.001

Triacylglycerol(TAG)(mmol/l)

0.9 ± 0.8

0.8 ± 0.5

0.04

0.9 ± 0.4

0.73

Ratio Chol/HDL

3.9 ± 1.2

3.5 ± 1.4

0.11

3.5 ± 1.0

<0.001

Ratio TAG/HDL

0.8 ± 1.2

0.6 ± 0.9

<0.001

0.6 ± 0.5

0.08

  1. P(1) the p-value is for the difference between start and 3 months. P2) the p value is for the difference between start and 4 years. TAG: triacylglycerols; HDL: HDL-cholesterol; Chol: cholesterol.
  2. The carbohydrates amount was reduced to 75 g/day or lower according to the patient’s own preferences. The insulin doses reduced according to the quantity of carbohydrates.