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Table 1 Demographic, anthropometric, dietary and biochemical characteristics of the sample according to CAD risk score classification in free-living adults

From: Metabolic syndrome and dietary components are associated with coronary artery disease risk score in free-living adults: a cross-sectional study

 

Low Risk

Intermediate Risk

High Risk

Age (years)

52.1 ± 8.9a

59.4 ± 8.1b

56.6 ± 9.9b

BMI (kg/m2)

28.3 ± 5.1a

28.8 ± 4.6a

29.1 ± 5.0a

% Body Fat

32.4 ± 8.8a

30.3 ± 6.9a

31.9 ± 7.6a

Waist circumference (cm)

94.6 ± 12.3a

100.6 ± 14.0b

100.0 ± 13.2b

Muscle Mass Index (kg/m2)

8.1 ± 1.4a

9.3 ± 1.7b

8.4 ± 1.5a

Total energy intake (kcal)

1538 ± 484a

1600 ± 470a

1920 ± 912b

HEI (points)

84.3 ± 13.6a

83.0 ± 11.6a

83.6 ± 16.6a

Carbohydrates (% of energy)

51.6 ± 8.8a

54.3 ± 9.6a

52.5 ± 7.9a

Proteins (% of energy)

18.7 ± 5.1a

19.9 ± 4.3a

18.2 ± 5.8a

Proteins (g/kg weight)

1.0 ± 0.4a

0.9 ± 0.3a

1.0 ± 0.4a

Lipids (% of energy)

29.9 ± 8.7a

27.2 ± 9.5a

29.1 ± 6.1a

SFA (% of energy)

8.3 ± 3.8a

6.2 ± 2.3a

7.2 ± 3.3a

MUFA (% of energy)

9.0 ± 3.7a

8.3 ± 3.8a

8.6 ± 2.5a

PUFA (% of energy)

6.9 ± 3.7a

7.8 ± 4.7a

7.9 ± 3.0a

Cholesterol (mg)

162.6 ± 103.6a

147.7 ± 70.5a

206.0 ± 140.6a

Fibers (g)

13.2 ± 7.5a

16.0 ± 8.8a

16.1 ± 9.0a

Cereal (portions)

3.3 ± 1.5a

3.5 ± 1.0a

3.8 ± 1.4a

Fruit (portions)

3.3 ± 3.0a

3.8 ± 3.5a

2.7 ± 3.0a

Vegetables (portions)

2.4 ± 2.3a

3.3 ± 2.9a

3.2 ± 4.2a

Legumes (portions)

0.8 ± 1.1a

1.5 ± 1.7b

1.5 ± 2.5b

Dairy Products (portions)

1.8 ± 1.3a

1.5 ± 1.1a

2.0 ± 1.6a

Meat (portions)

1.8 ± 1.3a

1.8 ± 1.2a

1.8 ± 1.0a

Sugar (portions)

1.7 ± 1.8a

1.9 ± 2.5a

1.8 ± 3.2a

Oil (portions)

2.4 ± 2.3a

2.2 ± 1.1a

3.1 ± 2.1a

Variety (item)

13.5 ± 3.7a

14.2 ± 3.4a

13.7 ± 4.4a

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

203.8 ± 35.4a

225.7 ± 49.4b

201.3 ± 42.7a

Glucose (mg/dL)

91.7 ± 18.2a

95.4 ± 14.1a

129.4 ± 50.2b

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

140.8 ± 61.1a

169.8 ± 70.1b

172.7 ± 69.3b

HDL-C (mg/dL)

52.7 ± 12.4a

44.8 ± 9.3b

45.7 ± 12.2b

LDL-C (mg/dL)

122.9 ± 31.6a

146.8 ± 46.0b

121.0 ± 41.3a

Urea ((mg/dL)

31.9 ± 9.6a

33.4 ± 7.2a

37.4 ± 18.7b

Uric acid (mg/dL)

4.8 ± 1.3a

5.9 ± 1.6b

5.6 ± 1.5b

γ-GT (mg/dL)

31.8 ± 22.4a

36.1 ± 18.9a

32.1 ± 19.1a

nHDL-C (mg/dL)

151.1 ± 35.4a

180.8 ± 46.6b

155.6 ± 44.7a

CRP (mg/dL)

0.52 ± 0.57a

0.29 ± 0.21b

0.65 ± 0.96a

SBP (mm/Hg)

124.6 ± 15.6a

140.1 ± 16.8b

131.4 ± 16.0c

DBP (mm/Hg)

79.6 ± 8.9a

84.1 ± 8.1b

81.4 ± 6.0b

  1. CAD: coronary artery disease; BMI: body mass index; HEI: healthy eating index; SFA: saturated fatty acid; MUFA: monounsaturated fat acid; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acid; CAD: coronary artery disease; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein; nHDL-C: non high-density lipoprotein; CRP: C-reactive protein; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; γ-GT: γ-glutamyl transferase. Different letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).