GG (n = 47) | GC + CC (n = 86) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 9 months | p | Baseline | 9 months | p | |
Energy intake (Kcal/day) | 1748(729.6) | 1481(588.0) | .002 | 1849(649.8) | 1574(549.7) | .001 |
Total physical activity (min/wk) | 140(60, 282) | 240(70, 330) | .001 | 160(60, 260) | 210(70, 290) | .001 |
Weight (kg) | 76.9(15.3) | 74.7(15.6) | .003 | 78.8(15.7) | 77.2(15.3) | .001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 97.2(10.7) | 95.7(11.1) | .036 | 99.4(12.8) | 98.8(12.3) | .161 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 99.4(11.4) | 95.3(11.9) | .038 | 98.9(11.3) | 97.1(12.8) | .233 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 161.1(60.3) | 163.9(84.1) | .786 | 151.5(69.5) | 145.3(65.1) | .299 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 198.3(45.8) | 209.5(42.7) | .122 | 202.9(42.9) | 191.5(43.2)† | .011 |
HDL-c (mg/dL) | 44.3(15.5) | 45.6(13.6) | .446 | 41.6(10.5) | 47.2(12.1) | .002 |
LDL-c (mg/dL) | 123.1(42.7) | 131.8(37.1) | .251 | 129.4(38.9) | 115.5(38.6)† | .002 |
Apolipoprotein B (mg/dL) | 95.6(23.2) | 85.1(24.5) | .003 | 95.6(22.6) | 84.1(24.0) | .001 |
Apolipoprotein A1 (mg/dL) | 140.7(22.8) | 143.6(24.7) | .197 | 134.3(15.9) | 139.8(16.8) | .001 |
Insulin* (uUl/L) | 8.1(5.4, 11.4) | 5.7(4.0, 9.1) | .004 | 9.7(5.6, 12.1) | 7.0(4.3, 10.6) | .002 |
Adiponectin* (ng/dL) | 11.8(7.8, 19.3) | 13.1(9.8, 19.7) | .091 | 12.1(7.3, 18.6) | 16.8(12.4, 19.8) | .005 |
Interleukin 6* (pg/dL) | 1.7(0.9, 3.5) | 2.8(2.0, 5.4) | .007 | 2.5(1.4, 4.6) | 3.6(2.0, 5.8) | .027 |
C-reactive protein* (mg/dL) | 0.33(0.10, 0.59) | 0.25(0.06, 0.64) | .005 | 0.37(0.19, 0.58) | 0.25(0.07, 0.56) | .005 |
TNF-α** (pg/dL) | 11.0(9.0, 13.7) | 8.9(6.9, 10.5) | .017 | 11.0(9.4, 13.3) | 8.8(7.2, 10.6) | .016 |